O impacto das medidas protecionistas internacionais na exportação do açúcar brasileiro : um estudo dos contenciosos na OMC

Abstract

Considering that the trade barriers adopted by countries limit sugar imports through the adoption of quotas and distort the market through the irregular use of subsidies, this paper will research the impact of these international protectionist measures on Brazilian sugar exports, in order to analyze the repercussions of the outcomes of the sugar disputes in the WTO for Brazil's sugar trade. To elucidate the issue, the problem of agricultural subsidies that have caused distortion in international trade will be presented, along with its resolutions in the panels of the dispute settlement body of the World Trade Organization (WTO), always focusing on the Brazil's actions in the solution of these conflicts. To do so, it is necessary to analyze the WTO's role in the settlement of the main trade barriers that impact multilateral trade, examine Brazil's role during the sugar disputes against the European Union, Thailand, China and India, and analyze the effects of the conclusion of the disputes on Brazilian sugar exports. The observational method is applied to conduct an exploratory research, elaborated through bibliographic and documental research. In light of this, it can be seen that with the Brazilian victory in the disputes studied it was possible to inhibit the use of protectionist measures by the defendant countries, by enforcing the multilateral trade rules of the GATT, the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture and the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, achieving reforms that would not be possible through bilateral negotiations.