Caracterização fenotípica de genótipos experimentais elite de milho em condições semiáridas de Sergipe

Abstract

Corn has economic, social and alimentary importance; however, the productivity of the crop is still low in semi-arid climate regions, due to rainfall irregularities, thus becoming the object of studies in plant breeding programs. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the productive performance of elite corn genotypes under semiarid conditions in order to obtain breeding base populations. For this, 34 corn elite genotypes were evaluated in the Experimental Farm of Embrapa Semiarido, in Nossa Senhora da Gloria/SE. A randomized block design with two repetitions was used. The plots consisted of two rows of 5 meters with spacing of 0.80 m x 0.20 m, and the following variables were evaluated: final stand, number of ears in the plot, weight of ears, plant height, ear height, initial stand, relative position of the ear, female flowering in days, male flowering in days, flowering interval, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row and grain yield. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, genetic divergence and principal components. Where, it was observed that the genotypes 1R2536, 2R2642, 1Q2400, 1Q2370, 1Q2473, 1S2694, 3S2755, 1S2748, 1S2728, 1S2747, 3S2731, SHS 7930 PRO2, 2S2697, BM 270 PRO2, 1S2746 showed higher performance for grain yield, and are in divergent groups of Mahalanobis Distance, being the indicated to form the base breeding populations