Caracterização agronômica e seleção de genótipos de milho para o semiárido utilizando abordagem multivariada

Abstract

The corn (Zea mays L.) is cultivated throughout the Semi-Arid region; however, there is still a shortage of information regarding the agronomic performance of corn hybrids available in the market adapted for its cultivation. The aim was to select corn genotypes with higher productive performance in the Semiarid region using the GYT biplot methodology. The experimental design employed randomized blocks, consisting of 27 genotypes and two replications. Variables related to productivity and earliness were evaluated. Analysis of variance and GYT biplot were conducted. The ANOVA results demonstrated significant differences among the genotypes. The first two principal components explained 94.29% of the variability in the observed data. In the GYT biplot "Average Performance vs. Stability," genotypes AG 8780, GNZ 15, GNZ 96, GNZ 19 (Ex3W06L Vip3), and GNZ 76 stood out as the materials with the highest averages and greater average phenotypic stability. The polygon formed in the GYT Biplot "Who-won-where" highlights that genotypes AG 8780, GNZ 59, IAC 8053, BM 703 x JM21177, and GNZ 17 (Ex3W06L Vip3- INV) are the most responsive to the analyzed variables compared to others. The GYT biplot methodology indicates genotypes 17 - AG 8783, 23 - GNZ 40, 16 - KWS 9606 Vip3, 4 - GNZ 15, and 25 - GNZ 19 (Ex 3W06L Vip3) as the earliest materials. Genotypes 22 - GNZ 96 and 14 - GNZ 76 are recommended for cultivation in the Nossa Senhora da Glória region, SE, as they exhibit high grain productivity and average phenotypic stability in the 2021 harvest.