Análise do uso de fotobiomodulação e terapia fotodinâmica na endodontia: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Laser therapy or Photobiomodulation (FBM) is a therapy that has been increasingly applied in Brazil, and consists of applying a light source, which can be Laser or LED, on the injured area or indirectly in the bloodstream. With the development and constant improvement of the Laser, endodontic science has used this therapy as a tool for analgesia, modulation of inflammation and regeneration of various cells and tissues, in addition to being able to be applied in the elimination of microorganisms and surgical interventions. Studies prove that the applications of laser in endodontics are vast: Aid in pulp diagnosis, pulp capping and pulpotomy, preparation of root canals, irrigation of root canals, antisepsis of root canals through photodynamic therapy, endodontic retreatment, periapical surgery and post repair -operative. Photodynamic therapy, also known as PDT, emerges as a promising antimicrobial therapy, as it is characterized as a practice of easy access and rapid clinical application. This practice does not develop microbial resistance, and can be indicated in endodontic treatments in a single session or in multiple sessions. Thus, the aim of this review is to analyze the available scientific evidence and provide an overview of the literature on the use of photodynamic therapy in endodontics. The research was carried out through searches in 3 electronic databases (PubMed, SciELO, and BVS- Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde), of works published between 2018 and 2023, where they were consulted using the following descriptors: “Laser na endodontia (Laser in endodontics) endodontics), Photodynamic therapy in endodontics, Photodynamic therapy in endodontics, Use of PDT in endodontics, used separately and in combination. The research concluded that PDT has great potential for root canal disinfection. But it is more effective when used as an adjunct to conventional endodontic treatment than when used in isolation, characterizing itself as a support technique in endodontic therapy.