Avaliação citotóxica de derivados da lausona em linhagens de células tumorais

Abstract

Among non-communicable diseases, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, being a major public health problem. One of the main problems in the treatment of the disease is the resistance of solid tumors to conventional chemotherapy. Natural products stand out for being the greatest source of bioactive compounds and it has already been shown that lausone, a natural product of plant origin, has a cytotoxic effect on different tumor cell lines. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of lausone derivatives FMO-1, APSO-5 and APSO-19 in lung carcinoma (A549) and glioma (C6) cell lines. The cytotoxicity of lausone derivatives on tumor cell lines was evaluated by the Sulforhodamine B assay to determine the IC50. In addition, the formation of clones by the clonogenic assay and the cell migration capacity by the wound healing assay in the A549 and C6 strains were evaluated. The results obtained show that the three compounds showed a cytotoxic effect in the strains tested, in which the FMO-1 showed a lower IC50 value (2.2 μM) for the two strains. Due to its greater cytotoxic activity against the A549 and C6 strains, evidenced by the low IC50, the FMO-1 compound was selected for the next experiments on the A549 strain, since lung carcinoma is the cancer with the highest mortality, and it is relevant to identify compounds promising in their treatment. FMO-1 was able to reduce the formation of colonies by A549 cells at concentrations 1.1 μM, 2.2 μM and 4.4 μM. Furthermore, FMO-1 inhibited cell migration at a concentration of 4.4 μM. The results of this work show that lausone derivatives have a high cytotoxic effect on tumor cell lines and FMO-1 has a greater cytotoxic effect on A549 and C6 cell lines. FMO-1 also had a high effect in inhibiting the formation of clones and the migration of A549 cells, being a compound with great potential in the treatment of cancer.