Expectativas e vivências sobre a dor de mulheres durante o trabalho de parto e parto vaginal: revisão sistemática

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Pain is a sensitive, subjetive, and emotional experience. Labor is one of the most painful and expected moments that generate multiple emotions in women who decide to experience motherhood. There is a scientific gap that seeks correlate the expectations and experiences about the pain of women during labor vaginal. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature to identify the alignment between expectations and experiences about women's pain during labor vaginal, as well as to define the importance of the prenatal period in the construction of pain meanings. METHODS: The search was conducted in the following databases: MEDLINE-PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Scielo, LILACS, PEDro, Web of Science, Science Direct and gray literature - Google Scholar. Using different combinations of the following keywords: "pregnant women", "labor", "labor", "labor pain", "motivation", "analgesia", "experience", "expectation". Observational studies (qualitative descriptive) in the last 10 years with topics on women's expectations and/or experiences of pain in labor and parturition were included. RESULTS: A total of 3,583 studies were initially identified, with only 19 falling within the inclusion criteria of the present study. A total sample was composed of 716 women when considering all the included articles, these pregnant woman, parturient, and immediate postpartum women. Of the total reviewed, 8 articles addressed the expectations of pain, 12 articles sought to understand the experience of pain, 7 studies explored women's autonomy to make decisions and 5 articles discussed the use of non-pharmacological methods of pain relief in labor and parturition. CONCLUSION: Expectations of pain are influenced by social factors and also by the prenatal education women receive. Pain experiences are individual and vary significantly according to the woman's expectations, fears and knowledge about pain. The lack of information from the obstetric care network, especially during the prenatal period, hinders the construction of women's meanings of pain during labor and parturition.