Perfil socioepidemiológico de pessoas com deficiência residentes do município de Lagarto, Sergipe

Abstract

Introduction: The concept of disability has undergone several changes over time, linked to complex, dynamic and multidimensional determinants inserted in the current economic, cultural, philosophical and scientific contexts. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) of the World Health Organization (WHO) defines disability as a decrease in functionality resulting from the interaction between an individual's capacity and personal and environmental factors. According to the WHO, about 200 million people experience considerable functional difficulties. Primary Health Care (PHC) expands the care offered and is configured as a gateway to access health services and improves care as a way of guaranteeing rights governed by law, improving care actions and promoting health. In this way, this study aimed to identify the sociodemographic distribution of people with disabilities (PwD) in Lagarto city, and to relate environmental factors and access to health services for PwD. Methods: This is a descriptive crosssectional study about PwD registered in the Citizen's Electronic Medical Record System (SISPEC) through the family registration via e-SUS, provided by the Municipal Health Department (SMS) of Lagarto city. Results: Most PwD livesin rural areas(48.04% physical disability, 17.11% hearing loss; 24.47% mental disability and 10.36% visual impairment) and in villages such as Colônia Treze (29.90 % physical impairment, 13.78% hearing impairment; 23.83% mental impairment and 32.47% visual impairment), followed by the city center (38.15% physical impairment, 15.35% hearing impairment; 32.89% mental impairment and 13.59% visual impairment). According to the family register, Lagarto city presentsthe highest number of people with physical disabilities(36%), followed by intellectual (29%), visual (18%) and auditory (16%) disabilities. Conclusion: New PwD mapping ways are necessary, with adaptations in filling out the form to stratify the types of disability, as well astrain professionals responsible for data collection to improve knowledge about this population.