Desigualdades na mortalidade por câncer de orofaringe no Brasil: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OEC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OEC) are the most common types of head and neck cancer. Consequently, socioeconomic status and worse socioeconomic conditions reflect inequalities in mortality from oropharyngeal cancer. So, this research was built on the need to understand the impacts of socioeconomic inequalities in Brazilians diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer. Objectives: To investigate how social inequalities influence mortality from oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil. Methodology: Integrative literature review carried out in the PubMed and Scielo databases of articles published in English and Portuguese in the last 5 years. For this study, the final sample selected was 8 articles. Results: The studies correlated the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer with social, environmental and geographic inequalities, in addition to showing the association of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) as an etiological factor of oropharyngeal cancer. Patients from areas with less health care, food, or other health determinants are in the group with the highest rate of deaths from cancer Conclusion: Finally, the significant decrease in the risk of mortality in less favored regions and populations is related to the increase from access to health services for early diagnosis and treatment, as well as health promotion and prevention programs to risk factors and thus achieve the reduction of deaths.