As políticas de ações afirmativas na Universidade Federal de Sergipe: o acesso e a permanência dos excluídos do sistema (2005-2022)

Abstract

Through this work, I propose, in broad terms, a debate on how affirmative actions – more precisely racial quotas – have become a stage for disputes and questions that go beyond the academic space. Thus, the text presents an approach on the implementation of the Affirmative Action Program (PAAF) within the Federal University of Sergipe, emphasizing the racial quota system: the access and permanence of these quota students. The text builds a historical-social line regarding the theme to contextualize and better clarify the PAAF/UFS, its methods and how the program was designed to adapt to the conditions and needs of the institution and the population of Sergipe. Through the research, it is noted that the PAAF/UFS was the target of internal questions, through professors and some departments of the institution itself, and external questions, through private schools and their representatives. Nevertheless, the research discusses the importance of social movements during the process of implementing affirmative action policies, at the Brazilian level, and how this process was reflected in universities. Finally, the debate surrounding the heteroidentification panel is also analyzed, using as an object of investigation the legal actions filed by students at the Federal University of Sergipe, focusing on the reasons and questions surrounding the judging panel. As a result, it is identified that fraud in the ethnic-racial quota system occurs consciously and unconsciously and that it is closely linked to terms such as self-declaration and heteroidentification. By reading and examining sources such as newspapers, bibliographical reviews and interviews, we understand the importance of this study to understand affirmative action policies and the disputes that arise.