Avaliação morfométrica do potencial e comportamento da rede fluvial na dinâmica da paisagem da sub-bacia do Rio Jacoca/SE

Abstract

Studies on morphometric parameters are essential for understanding the geomorphological landscape, its evolution, and dynamics, as they provide recognition of typical geomorphic elements for characterizing areas under the influence of tectonic activities and distinguishing them from erosive ones. Thus, in evaluating the hydrographic behavior of a drainage basin, in addition to the topographic characteristics of the environment and other variables of the natural physical setting, as well as land use and occupation patterns, it becomes necessary to express quantitative characteristics to clarify how drainage systems respond to interactive environmental conditions. In this context, the present research aimed, in general terms, to apply fluvial morphometric parameters to the Jacoca River sub-basin to assess the potential and behavior of the drainage network within the landscape dynamics, in association with land use and occupation processes. The sub-basin is located within the Agreste Central and Nossa Senhora das Dores Territory, part of the Médio Sertão Sergipano Region. To achieve the defined objectives, the study adopted a systemic and quantitative morphometric approach to understand the phenomena in an integrated manner. The research procedures were conducted in three distinct stages: a bibliographic survey and collection of cartographic documents and other records; office work involving laboratory analysis; and fieldwork with photographic documentation. The results of this study demonstrate that the application of morphometric parameters to evaluate drainage network behavior in the landscape is of fundamental importance, as it helps indicate how land use and occupation should be distributed concerning water availability. Given the characteristics of the Jacoca River sub-basin’s drainage network—such as short longitudinal profiles and intermittent flow regimes—it is imperative to rationalize land use and preserve headwater areas to prevent the intensification of siltation in river channels, which could affect the main channel’s capacity and flow competence. Notably, both capitalist-modeled economic activities and uncontrolled deforestation for pasture formation and agricultural practices in rural areas have varying impacts on the drainage network, especially in the middle and lower sections of the Jacoca River sub-basin. Therefore, it is urgent to devise management and conservation strategies grounded in a systemic analysis to better integrate nature with society and promote sustainability between land use and geoenvironmental conditions. The morphometric guidance revealed by the indices in this study proves useful in supporting geoenvironmental assessment and thereby contributes to the effective territorial management of the Jacoca River sub-basin.