Caracterização da liga TI-45Nb para aplicação na implantodontia oral – Estudo Exploratório

Abstract

This work analyzed the physicochemical characterization and machining process of the Ti-45Nb alloy, assuming its application in oral implantology. The Ti- 45Nb alloy is promising as a substitute for Ti-based biomedical materials with high modulus of elasticity, not only due to its excellent biocompatibility, low modulus of demonstration and osteogenic properties developed by Nb, but also, after surface treatment, for generating topography, roughness, chemical composition, adequate surface energy, among other characteristics proven in the manufacture of corrosion- resistant materials, such as artificial or osteosynthesis weaknesses. The microstructure, elemental composition and mechanical properties were examined through metallographic analysis, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)/scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tensile testing, respectively. The present experimental study also promoted the machining of Ti-45N dental implants through a CNC automatic lathe, swiss-type sliding head. The cutting tools used were the same as those used by the industry to manufacture commercially pure titanium dental implants, with adaptation of the cutting parameters. The results demonstrate that the Ti-45Nb alloy was ductile, with low modulus of elasticity and hardness. Despite the absence of a machining protocol for the Ti-45Nb alloy, the present study was able to manufacture metal implants with macrogeometry corresponding to the model design. The Ti-45Nb alloy appears to meet the necessary requirements for the manufacture of biomaterials, especially orthopedic and electrical implants; however, further studies are needed to evaluate its toxicity, biocompatibility, and mechanical behavior in vivo. Within the limits of this study, it can be verified that the machining of the Ti-45Nb alloy meets the quality restrictions expected for a metal alloy; however, additional investigations are necessary for a more complete understanding of its properties and to seek ideal parameters for the manufacture of modern implants.