Fatores associados a nefropatia falciforme

Abstract

Nephropathy is one of the main complications related to sickle cell anemia. Among the pathophysiological mechanisms, hemolysis and vascular occlusion stand out. In its initial predictions, it manifests with glomerular hyperfiltration and reduced urinary concentration capacity. In addition, proteinuria and hematuria, which can progress to chronic kidney disease and, finally, end-stage kidney disease The objectives of the present study were to estimate the prevalence and determine the factors associated with the emergence of sickle cell nephropaty in patients diagnosed with AF who are regularly monitored at the benign hematology outpatient clinic of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Sergipe. Data were collected using information contained in the medical record, with approval by the local Ethics Committee. Among the 134 eligible patients, 38 were excluded due to lack of data on potential predictors of nephropathy, resulting in 96 patients. Of these, half were provided by women and the median age was 23 years. Sixty patients (62.5%) were diagnosed with nephropathy. Age over 20 years and hydroxyurea use over 5 years were associated with nephropathy in patients with sickle cell anemia. Although there are limitations related to the retrospective analysis and to the fact that there is no systematization in the approach to nephropathy, the importance of the present study was due to highlighting the high prevalence of renal involvement in this subgroup of patients, confirming the need to create an institutional screening and follow-up protocol, in order to better control the morbidity and mortality attributed to this complication.