Nacionalismo na URSS : o caso da ruptura Kara-Quírguiz e o nascimento da República Socialista Soviética do Cazaquistão

Abstract

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a state composed of various nationalities, spanning from the far eastern regions of Asia to parts of Eastern Europe. From this perspective, this research analyzes the development of Kazakh nationalism during the pre-Soviet and Soviet periods, within the context of the geographic and political restructuring that occurred throughout the border delimitation process, up until 1936, when the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic was established. Drawing on a wide range of ethno-historical sources and focusing on the nationalist phenomenon, this study prioritizes the analysis of the evolution of the “Kazakh identity" throughout the years of sedentarization and changes in local customs. The research also addresses the emergence of key historical figures of the time and emphasizes their roles in the process of indigenization of the local population and the incorporation of autochthonous communities into the Soviet bureaucratic structure. Overall, this dissertation seeks to elucidate the emergence of the rupture between two peoples -the Kyrgyz and the Kazakhs - as well as to understand the formation of various Socialist Republics, named and defined according to the ethnic groups of Central Asia.