Do front às telas: relações de gênero na segunda guerra mundial sob as lentes das representações cinematográficas no tempo presente

Abstract

This investigation aims, through the representations of Cinema in the Present Time, to enhance the historical debate regarding women's participation in World War II and the Gender Relations arising from this incorporation. Such an examination consists of the demonstration of the feminine that was dimensioned during this conflict, evidencing how these characters and their actions in favor of the war were permeated by alterities evoked from country to country, from ideologies to ideologies and from woman to woman. Thus, the present research in the construction of a pluralized debate, uses the films The Reader (2008), 3rd Reich Mothers (2012), Battle for Sevastopol (2015) and A call to Spy (2019) to trace an observation of this conflagration from the perspective of gender politics, where debates about symbolic powers, male dominations, gender hierarchies, symbolic and coercive violence, and among other multifaceted aspects. With regard to the theoretical and methodological body, the analysis appropriates biases such as those of Comparative History undertaken by Jürgen Kocka, as well as precepts of the relationship between History and Cinema, highlighting the organicity of the Communication Circuit created by Alexandre Busko Valim, in which, in addition to the historical analyses undertaken to the films, The observation will be based on the production, emission, mediation and reception of these productions, in conjunction with the notion of Literary System by Antônio Cândido, also articulating elements such as author (production), work (product), and audience (reception). In addition, the frameworks of the fields of Women's History and Gender Relations anchored in Feminist Theories are also incorporated, thus seeking, in the union and problematization of the usualities of these biases, to observe and understand the Second World War through new lenses.