O impacto da rinite alérgica e da hipertrofia adenoideana nas dimensões do palato duro e nas condições de saúde oral

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate differences in the oral indices and morphological characteristics of the hard palate in children with adenoid hypertrophy, allergic rhinitis and without respiratory symptoms Method: The sample comprised 90 children with age between 6 and 12 years old, divided according to the diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy (n = 30), allergic rhinitis (n = 30) and control group (n = 30). They were submitted to the dental clinic for evaluation of oral indices and molding for making models study that were analyzed to measure the lateral and vertical measurements with digital calipers. Results: The group of patients with allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy showed similar prevalence of caries to those without respiratory symptoms (p> 0.05). However, there was a difference (p <0.05) in the evaluation of dental plaque and gingival conditions between the control group and the other groups studied. Children with allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy had lower intercanines and intermolars distance and greater depth of the hard palate at the level 1st permanent molars with statistical significance (p <0.05) when compared with healthy children. There was no difference (p> 0.05) between the adenoid hypertrophy group and allergic rhinitis group in all aspects evaluated. Conclusion: Oral indices related to adenoid hypertrophy and allergic rhinitis reveal the need to control plaque and the monitoring of the gingival health of these patients. The morphology of the hard palate in these patients suggest a trend maxillary atresia due to mouth breathing pattern, regardless of the etiological factor that led to the development of the disorder. Follow up with the dentist is important to provide better oral conditions and proper facial growth in subjects with such disorders.