Associação entre estado psicológico, qualidade do sono, estilo de aprendizagem, bruxismo e disfunção temporomandibular em estudantes de odontologia

Abstract

Introduction: Dentistry is one of the sciences that exposes individuals to occupational risks, including physical, chemical, biological, and psychological hazards. Additionally, personality traits can be among the factors associated with oral health conditions such as bruxism and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). These conditions may lead to a state of alertness and pose a potential risk of negatively impacting sleep quality and learning in undergraduate dental students. Objective: To investigate the association between self-reported possible bruxism, TMD, sleep quality, psychological state, and learning style among dental students in Sergipe, Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study, utilizing the following questionnaires: sociodemographic, TMD pain screening (Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders – DC/TMD), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Oral Behaviors Checklist (bruxism), Kolb Learning Style Inventory, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: The sample included 133 students. The prevalence of self-reported TMD symptoms was 55.6%, TMD signs 51.1%, nocturnal bruxism 63.2%, and awake bruxism 21.8%. A significant association was found between being female and self-reported TMD symptoms (p = 0.001), nocturnal bruxism (p = 0.022), and awake bruxism (p = 0.025). Students classified as having depression and anxiety reported TMD symptoms more frequently (p = 0.016 and 0.044, respectively). Conclusion: The presence of TMD symptoms, nocturnal bruxism, and awake bruxism was significantly higher among female students. TMD symptoms were more frequent among students who screened positive for depression and anxiety.