Biochar e pó de coco em associação com fungos micorrízicos na produção de mudas de Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest constantly suffers from human interference, so it is necessary to seek methods to conserve native species in this environment. Furthermore, the production of seedlings to restore degraded areas in line with the reduction of solid waste helps to resolve two problems involving the environment, social and economic. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the development of seedlings of the species Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan subjected to biochar from sewage sludge and coconut dust and generate modeling of the species' ecological niche. The research was carried out in a completely randomized design (6 x 2 x 1), where the treatments consisted of using 10%, 20% and 30% of coconut powder and sewage sludge biochar in substrates for the growth of seedlings. Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan, with the presence and absence of fungi. Every 15 days, height, stem diameter and number of leaves were evaluated. Regarding niche modeling, georeferenced data was collected in GBIF, using the bioclimatic variables from WorldClim 2.0, which were selected using Pearson correlation. In modeling, the MaxEnt algorithm was used and validation was performed with the True Skill Statistic (TSS) metric. The model was generated in the R environment and the map in QGIS. The model presented TSS: 0.92 and AUC: 0.99. The results demonstrated high suitability of occurrence for the species in the biomes tested. In the future projection, a reduction in suitability was observed, with emphasis on greater suitability in Paraná, Bahia and Sergipe. For biochar, there was an interaction between concentration and AMF, but when observing the parameters there were no significant differences, with the exception of 10% biochar with AMF, which reduced the number of leaves and 10 and 20% biochar with AMF caused a reduction in height. There were significant effects in the treatments that tested the interaction between coconut dust and mycorrhizal fungi, in all parameters evaluated, when observing coconut dust with AMF there were no significant differences, except a reduction in the number of leaves by 30%, while without AMF there were reduction in all tested parameters. In the fluorescence parameters tested, there was no significant effect for sewage sludge biochar, only for coconut dust.