A Nova Lei de Licenciamento Ambiental: análise sobre os impactos ambientais

Abstract

This paper analyzes Law nº 15.190/2025, known as the New Environmental Licensing Law, and its impacts on environmental protection in Brazil. The study seeks to understand the main changes introduced by the legislation and evaluate the new effects on environmental protection, sustainable development, legal certainty, and the effectiveness of public management. Environmental licensing remains one of the central instruments of the National Environmental Policy, responsible for reconciling economic growth with the preservation of natural resources. The new law promoted important innovations, such as the creation of the License by Adhesion and Commitment (LAC) and the simplification of procedures, but it also raised concerns about the possibility of environmental regression, especially given the reduction of technical steps and the limitation of social participation. The dissertation's problem is the analysis of the impacts of Law nº 15.190/2025 on environmental protection in Brazil involving the environmental licensing process. The analysis also highlights the presidential vetoes applied to the law and the overturning of the vetoes by the National Congress. The methodology used consists of bibliographic and documentary research, encompassing specialized doctrine, scientific articles, and technical notes from public and private institutions. It is concluded that the balance between administrative efficiency and ecological protection depends on the institutional strengthening of environmental agencies and the observance of the constitutional principles of prevention, precaution, and popular participation.