Protótipo eletromecânico para mudança de decúbito

Abstract

Pressure injuries (PI) remain a major public health problem, with significant clinical, social, and economic impact, particularly among long-term hospitalized patients. At the same time, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represents a critical condition in intensive care units, in which prone positioning has proven effective in improving oxygenation and respiratory support. In this context, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate a low-fidelity electromechanical prototype capable of performing position changes, including prone positioning, as both a preventive strategy against PI and a therapeutic support tool in cases of respiratory failure. This is an applied, experimental, and exploratory research, conducted through 3D modeling, additive manufacturing, and functional testing of the device in a laboratory setting. The prototype demonstrated technical feasibility by performing lateral rotations of up to 180º and achieving prone positioning with satisfactory accuracy and repeatability. Its potential economic impact is also noteworthy, since the estimated production cost is significantly lower than currently available hospital technologies, thus representing a cost-effective alternative for both public and private institutions. Although the results are promising, further full-scale trials and regulatory compliance with ANVISA, ISO 13485, and IEC 60601 standards are required to ensure safety, clinical efficacy, and hospital applicability. In conclusion, the proposed solution contributes to innovation in nursing and biomedical engineering, offering a feasible technological tool for both PI prevention and respiratory management in ARDS patients.