Indigestão vagal associada a abscessos peri-hepáticos em bovino Girolando : relato de caso

Abstract

This Undergraduate Thesis (TCC) was developed as a requirement for completing the Veterinary Medicine course at the Federal University of Sergipe, and is linked to the completion of the Mandatory Supervised Internship (ESO). The internship was carried out at the Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns (CBG) of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, and at the company Flamel Consultoria, providing practical experience in ruminant medical and surgical clinics, production medicine, and technical assistance to dairy farms. The aim of this work was to describe the activities developed during the ESO, present the case studies followed at the two institutions, and discuss, with scientific basis, a case report of Vagal Indigestion (VI) types I and II caused by peri-hepatic abscesses in a Girolando breed bovine, correlating the clinical, ultrasonographic, and anatomopathological findings with the literature. During the ESO, clinical, surgical, and reproductive care were observed, along with diagnostic procedures using ultrasound, laboratory tests, necropsies, surgeries, technical and managerial assistance on dairy farms, sanitary, reproductive, and nutritional management, as well as the monitoring of zootechnical and productive indicators. The literature review addressed aspects related to the anatomy and physiology of the ruminant gastrointestinal tract, the pathophysiology of VI, clinical signs, diagnostic methods, therapeutic options, and prognosis of the disease, with emphasis on the role of perihepatic abscesses as a secondary cause of the syndrome. The case report described a Girolando cow with a clinical history compatible with VI, submitted to clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, ultrasound, and anatomopathological examination, which revealed the presence of large perihepatic abscesses associated with traumatic reticuloperitonitis, culminating in the diagnosis of VI types I and II. The discussion highlighted the importance of the association between anamnesis, detailed clinical examination, complementary tests, and anatomopathological findings for establishing a definitive diagnosis and the primary cause of the disease. It is concluded that the ESO was fundamental in consolidating the knowledge acquired throughout the undergraduate program, providing the development of clinical reasoning, diagnostic skills, and decision-making in ruminant medicine, in addition to highlighting the importance of integrating teaching, professional practice, and scientific foundation for the training of veterinarians.