Traço ansioso e função mastigatória em indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular e sua relação com a postura cervical

Abstract

The temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has been widely discussed, however, controversy still exists about the relationship between trait anxiety and his effect on masticatory functions, as well as electromyography of masticatory muscles and cervical posture. Objective. Evaluate the trait anxiety and masticatory function of subjects with TMD. Casuistic and Methods. Were evaluated 61 young adults of both sexes, aged between 18 and 30 years. The TMD diagnosis was based on clinical criteria Instrument Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC / TMD) and the subjects were then divided into DTM symptomatic and control groups, trait anxiety was assessed using the Scale of the State-Trait Anxiety (STAI) and the electromyography records were collected in rest (R) position, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and habitual mastication (MH) of masseter and temporal, bite force (FM) was measured by a force transducer and the evaluation of masticatory performance was performed by the geometric mean diameter (GMD) of a artificial food chewed particles. For radiological analysis of complex craniocervical were used radiographs (sagittal plane) and measured three angles and two distances: high cervical angle (HCA), low cervical angle (LCA), the atlas plane angle (APA); distance translation of the odontoid (Tz C2/C7): occipital distance - atlas (DOA). Results. Of the 61 selected subjects, only 27 completed all phases of the study, 15 were symptomatic TMD group (5 men and 10 women) with a mean age of 21.7 ± 3.51 years and 12 controls (4 men and 8 women) aged mean of 19.8 ± 2.48. DTM symptomatic group presented the higher scores on trait anxiety (p = 0.036), mean values of electromyography (EMG) of masticatory muscles, bite force and masticatory performance did not differ between the control and DTM symptomatic groups, the correlation between mean values of EMG, FM and PM each other and with the cervical posture showed a moderate negative correlation between the distance of anterior translation of the head (Tz C2-C7) and electromyographic activity of the masseter (p = 0.005 and r = - 0.67) and anterior temporal (p = 0.01 and r = - 0.63) during mastication. Conclusion. In the sample studied, increased trait anxiety is related to symptomatic TMD patients, masticatory function did not differ symptomatic subjects with TMD and controls and electrical activity in muscles of mastication masseter and anterior temporal had an inverse relationship with the anterior translation head.