Avaliação do impacto de um programa de acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico em idosos com Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

To evaluate the impact of a drug therapy follow up program in a group of elderly patients with Diabetes Mellitus assisted in the Farmácia Popular of Aracaju-SE. Methodology: A longitudinal, prospective and intervention study was carried out from February to November 2009, in the Farmácia Popular of Brazil, in the city of Aracaju - SE. A sample of convenience and not probabilistic of elderly between 60 and 75 years, of both genders, was obtained. It was scheduled monthly visits during a period of 10 months. The nine steps of good practice of Pharmaceutical Care (PC) were followed in this study. Throughout the visits were obtained sociodemographic, clinical and drug therapy profiles (glycated hemoglobin - HbA1c, capillary glucose, blood pressure - BP, body mass index - BMI, and waist circumference). Assessment of Quality of Life was made by a generic tool called Medical Outcomes Studies 36 - item Short Form - SF-36 ®. In total, 50 patients were invited to participate in the PC program, in which 34 of them completed the study (dropout rate = 32%). The mean age of the elderly was 65.94 ± 4.73 years, and 18 (52.94%) were female. Regarding marital status, there was a predominance of married patients (73.52%, n = 25) and 50% (n = 17) of them had basic educational level. In this study, the mean number of medications by elderly was 6.23 (± 2.20) and 28 patients (82.35%) used five or more medications, featuring the use of polypharmacy. A total of 117 Drug Therapy Problems (DTP) were identified, with a mean of 3.44 (+1.94) DTP per patient. The highest incidence of DTP was categorized as effectiveness (29.06%), followed by DTP compliance (25.64%). During follow-up, 101 were solved DTP (86.32%). There were significant differences in measures of HbA1c, capillary glucose, BP (systolic and diastolic) and waist circumference before and after PC interventions (p <0.05). It was also found significant differences between baseline and final evaluation in the domains of quality of life assessed, such as physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality and mental health. The educational PC interventions were factors that contribute to the awareness of elderly on the Diabetes reducing and preventing DTP and its complications. Thus, co-responsibility and active participation of the elderly may have improved the use of drug therapy and its clinical and humanistic outcomes.