Avaliando os gastos turísticos na Região Nordeste em 2011 : simulações com um modelo de insumo-produto interregional

Abstract

The participation of tourism in the Brazilian GDP have been increasing, during the past 20 years, and the same happened regarding the Northeast Region GDP, phenomenon that has been used as a strategy to promote public policies towards the regional development. In this perspective, it becomes necessary to intensify the search for tools that are able to measure the economic impact of tourism activities on the different sectors of economy. In this perspective, the objective of this essay is estimating the economic impact of tourism expenditures on the Brazilian Northeast Region in the year of 2011. To accomplish that, the essay used the interregional Input-Output Matrix, calibrated for the year of 2004, built to the nine Brazilian Northeastern states and also for the rest of the country. The main results show that tourism expenditures in the Northeast Region in 2011 were responsible for a rise of 3.9% of the Northeast Region GDP, with highlights to the states of Bahia, Pernambuco and Ceará. However, sectoral analysis indicated significant leaking effects for the rest of the country, specially to the industrial sectors. That suggests a low integration of the productive chain in the Northeast Region, which impairs the development in a regional scale. Differently, tourism expenditures contributed, albeit marginally, to the reduction of regional inequality, since the Gini index experienced a drop of 0.16%.