Os direitos políticos fundamentais e a inelegibilidade reflexa : por uma hermenêutica consagradora da democracia e da cidadania

Abstract

Exalting political rights as one of the fundamental elements of citizenship, the paper deals with the reflex ineligibility (or ineligibility resulting from kinship), enunciated in article 14, § 7 of the Federal Constitution, a limiting rule of the fundamental right to eligibility - the so-called ius honorum (right to be voted). The study therefore proposes to verify the degree of commitment that this restriction, when unjustified, entails to the own democracy, passing, therefore, the analysis of the dimensions of the citizenship, the fundamentality of the political rights and the conditions of eligibility and its limitations - including reflexive ineligibility - invoking the teleology of such a norm. It examines, centrally, a special factual circumstance in which the application of article 14, paragraph 7 of the Federal Constitution entails serious legal distortions, culminating in the supposition of reality by legal fiction and provoking an entirely adverse effect to what the norm has sought to protect: the proven political divergence between the holder of the elective mandate and the relative who wishes to exercise the fundamental right to be voted. Reasonability and proportionality are therefore invoked as grounds for judicial decisions that refer to the ineligibility of such circumstances, and also presents the new technological mechanisms offered in the information society as instruments to prove the ideological divergence and consequent legitimation of decisions in such cases. Everything with the scope of demonstrating, therefore, that such legal understanding aims, above all, the safeguard of the own democracy and the citizenship.