Prevalência de doença periodontal em gestantes atendidas em duas unidades básicas de saúde do município de Lagarto-SE

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Pregnant women are more likely to develop carious lesions and periodontal disease, since hormonal changes, such as increased estrogen and progesterone, associated with dietary habits and neglected oral hygiene, add to the susceptibility of the gingival inflammatory process, alter the immune response, cause dilation of capillaries and release of gingival exudate. These events may explain the exacerbated manifestation of gingivitis during pregnancy, in addition to increased levels of hormones alter the composition of the oral biofilm, making the oral environment prone to the proliferation of the major periodontal pathogens.AIM: To investigate the relationship between periodontitis and its consequences on oral health during gestation, evaluating the prevalence of pregnant women with periodontal disease in two Basic Health Units in the Municipality of Lagarto-SE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, observational study with a quantitative and analytical approach, with a population of 35 pregnant women from two Basic Health Units of the Municipality of Lagarto-SE. The data were obtained through an interview (socioeconomic data) and periodontal examination to classify periodontal disease, according to the Community Periodontal Index recommended by the World Health Organization. RESULTS: It was found a 91.4% prevalence of periodontal disease. The mean age of the pregnant women was 26.4 (± 6.7). Regarding the questionnaire, thirty pregnant women answered the socioeconomic data. Of these, 43.3% had completed elementary education and the same percentage reported having paid work. 73.3% of pregnant women reported never heard of "prenatal dentistry". CONCLUSION: The figures found in this study confirm that periodontitis was the main clinical manifestation of periodontal disease in the pregnant women submitted to the examination, evidencing the need for preventive and educational actions for better oral health conditions of the future mothers.