A face feminina da Segunda Guerra Mundial : uma análise das atuações das mulheres no esforço de guerra a partir dos filmes O leitor (2008), As mães do Terceiro Reich (2012), A batalha de Sevastopol (2015) e As espiãs de Churchill (2019)

Abstract

Women's History and Gender Relations fields are fundamental for a historiographic writing that incorporates women as active historical subjects. The demand for such perspectives reverberates political, cultural, social and academic needs to build studies and historical reports that appropriate new objects and sources of observation. Starting from this condition, the present work promotes an analysis about female participation in World War II (1939-1945), guiding this observation and discussion on their actions in the war effort based on the narratives undertaken by the films The Reader (2008), Third Reich Mothers (2012), Battle for Sevastopol (2015) e A call to Spy (2019). The choice of the historical moment explored reflects the various dimensions and possibilities of study of this conflict, as well as the character of Total War undertaken to him, who by mobilizing various means and individuals to act in the spheres of war – as well as to supply the scarcity of labor – ends up inserting women in this enclosure. Furthermore, based on the understanding of war as a stronghold that reinforces and breaks gender barriers the present study makes use of the functionality of films as agents of history, as well as the theoretical-methodological framework of the relationship History and Cinema to promote reflections and exposures regarding the roles, performances and representations of these women in the conflict. In view of this, from the argumentation and the examination developed here, it is possible to conclude that even with a scarcity of reports women had decisive roles in the direction of World War II.