Adsorventes sintetizados a partir da biomassa Moringa oleifera lam utilizado no tratamento de água produzida de petróleo

Abstract

The produced water is an effluent with high contamination effect obtained in the petroleum industries. The disposal or improper reuse of this effluent can be very harmful, causing several problems to the environment or production lines. With this, it is necessary to treat this water specifically in order to meet the environmental, operational and productive demands that will use it as an input. So, this study aims at the development of adsorbents from Moringa oleifera Lam for the removal of oils and greases by batch adsorption, aiming to adapt to the limits established by CONAMA Resolution nº 430 for the disposal of this water. The adsorbents under study were characterized by Ash Content, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of each of the adsorbents. Batch tests were carried out, varying the mass of the adsorbent, and the determination of some parameters, such as TOG, pH and turbidity, was performed. This study demonstrates that the adsorption experiments of oils and greases present in the produced water were successfully carried out both for the use of Moringa oleifera Lam “in natura” pod of and the activated carbon produced through this biomass, having a percentage of oil removal in the synthetic produced water of 91,19% with the pod and 99,92% with the activated charcoal and with synthetic produced water based on the real obtained a percentage of oil removal of 97,91% with the pod and 99,10% with activated carbon. The maximum adsorption capacity found for the pod was 672,45 mg g-1 and for the activated charcoal was 704,30 mg g-1 . The pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models were fitted to the kinetic data, and the model that best fitted the data for the two adsorbents was pseudo-second order. The adsorption isotherms were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The results indicated that the pod was well represented by the Freundlich isotherm model, characterized as a favorable isotherm characteristic, with the separation factor varying between 0,62 and 0,71 and "n" equal to 1,0377, and activated carbon was better adjusted to the Freundlich isotherm model and characterized a favorable isotherm, with a separation factor varying between 0,05 and 0,15 and "n" equal to 1,65. It is concluded that the biosorbents used in this work have excellent adsorption capacity for the removal of oils and greases in the produced water, being a viable alternative for their use in the treatment of the produced water.