Avaliação clínica do trauma buco-maxilo-facial em um hospital de referência em trauma de Sergipe: um estudo de série de casos

Abstract

Trauma is among the main causes of death and disability in many parts of the world, especially with the worrying increase in the various manifestations of violence in contemporary society. Although this type of crime does not result in death in most cases, it is responsible for significant sequelae. The etiological factors of facial trauma include car and motorcycle accidents, interpersonal violence, falls and sports activities. The objective of this study is to analyze the epidemiological profile associated with the clinical evaluation of patients who are victims of facial trauma. Therefore, the study was composed of a sample of 79 patients evaluated by on-call oral and maxillofacial surgeons, thus recording all information regarding the circumstances of the accident and the injuries observed related to facial trauma in the data collection form, including the type of injury and the detailed topographic description of the affected region. Thus, a prospective, cross-sectional and observational study was carried out with the aim of analyzing trauma in patients admitted to the emergency room and/or hospitalized in the outpatient clinics and wards of the Hospital de Urgência de Sergipe (HUSE). A higher prevalence of males was observed, with approximately 70 injured patients (88.6%). Regarding education, approximately 23 patients had incomplete elementary school (29.1%). The most prevalent etiological factor in the sample was motorcycle accidents (58.2%). The most prevalent sign was edema (79.7%). In conclusion, the facial trauma victims treated at the Sergipe Emergency Hospital generally exhibited a male profile, with incomplete elementary school education, and motorcycle accidents as the main etiological factor. The most common injuries found in the thirds of the face were abrasions and edema.