Efeito do treinamento isométrico com Handgrip na pressão arterial clínica e frequência cardíaca em hipertensos

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, with high blood pressure being a significant and prevalent risk factor. In Brazil, this scenario is no different. As a result, medicine offers non-pharmacological tools for blood pressure control, including isometric HANDGRIP resistance training. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of isometric HANDGRIP resistance training on the cardiovascular health of a hypertensive population. Methodology: This randomized clinical trial, conducted in 2024, included 24 hypertensive participants (ages 27 to 77). They were divided into a Handgrip Group (TIH, n=14) and a Control Group (CG, n=11). The intervention consisted of stretching and relaxation exercises for both groups, with the addition of isometric Handgrip training for the HG, over a period of 12 weeks. The variables Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Heart Rate (HR), and Rate-Pressure Product (RPP) were subjected to repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), after data normality was confirmed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The significance level was p<0.05. Results: Both groups showed a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.027) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.032) over the 12-week period. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis between the groups did not demonstrate a significant difference in favor of the TIH over the GC (SBP: p=0.48; DBP: p=0.64; DP: p=0.38). Conclusion: The study was unable to demonstrate that 12 weeks of isometric Handgrip training reduces blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive individuals.