Estudo fitoquímico e atividades biológicas de Jatropha curcas L.

Abstract

In this work was determined, for the first time, the volatile composition from fresh and dried leaves of six accessions (named PM-2, PM-7, PM-10, PM-11, PM-12 e PM-14) and a cultivar (EPAMIG, named here EMB) of Jatropha curcas L. The volatile compounds was extracted by hydrodistillation and then analyzed by GCMS. Thus, it was possible to observe that the (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol was the major compound in the fresh leaves (>70% in all accessions). Alcohols also predominated in the dried leaves, mainly (Z)-2-penten-1-ol and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, but others constituents were identified in significant proportions included benzenoid compounds such as benzaldehyde. The influence of drying on volatile composition from leaves of J. curcas was evaluated on the PM-2 accession. Besides, this work also describes the development of a High Performance Liquid Chromatograpy (HPLC) method for differentiation of six accessions and a cultivar (EPAMIG) from fresh and dried leaves of J. curcas. The methanol extracts of the leaves were analyzed by HPLC-DAD and after stages of optimizations, we obtained the fingerprint chromatograms. For a comparative analysis of the accessions and a cultivar, were applied chemometric tools of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), which it was possible to discriminate the samples from dried leaves according to their origins. The methanol extracts of the leaves were submitted to cytotoxicity assay against four tumor cell lines (HCT-8, HL-60, SF-295 and MDA-MB435), presenting IC50 values of 25.13 μg/ml, against HL-60 cell line for EMB sample considered promising by National Institute of Cancer, USA (NCI). The biological activity of this extracts was evaluated on the development of Spodoptera frugiperda, considered as a primary pest in corn crop. It was observed 60% larval mortality.