Enterobactérias multi-resistentes isoladas de efluentes urbanos de Aracaju, Sergipe

Abstract

The Enterobacteriaceae family has 53 genera and more than 170 species, consists of Gram-negative bacilli, non-spore forming and represents one of the most important groups of bacteria. The multi-resistance to antimicrobial drugs is of global importance, mainly due to the incorrect use and dumping of these drugs in effluent Waters, under these conditions bacteria develop mechanisms of resistance to antimicrobials, representing one of the main public health problems. The objective of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family, isolated from urban effluents from the city of Aracaju, Sergipe, in the following neighborhoods: Industrial, Salgado Filho, Jardins, Santa Maria and Novo Paraíso. The procedures used to obtain isolated colonies were antimicrobial drug resistance tests for the following drugs: amoxicillin, ampicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline; and biochemical identification by specific tests for enterobacteria. The results obtained seven genera, some identified up to the species, of these genera: Enterobacter, Escherichia, Hafnia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella and Shigella. The data obtained indicate that ampicillin and amoxiline are the antibiotics that enterobacteria most present resistance, followed by tetracycline, and the antibiotics that presented the least resistant isolates were azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. The most relevant factors influencing the data are the structure of the neighborhoods and the types of establishments, such as clinics and hospitals, proximity to water bodies that interfere with the concentration of particles in effluents, effluent flow and its routes throughout city. The current study suggests that more genera of enterobacteria are becoming more resistant to the antibiotics used, and are becoming more resistant to a greater number of antibiotics