Óleo de vísceras de peixes marinhos : extração, caracterização e viabilidade na produção de biodiesel

Abstract

Fish and its products are recognized as an important food alternative for human population, represent sources of high quality protein and good digestibility, lipids, minerals, fatty acids and soluble fat vitamins. Fish industry represents a great potential, since their discharges can be processed into marketing well accepted products are example, silage, flour, fish oils, and other fermented products. However, the aim of this work is the study of another use for its waste, for this, both extraction and physicochemical characterization of guts’ oil of marine fish were the main focus to verify the technological feasibility of the production of this oil into biodiesel. The values of the guts of marine fish physical chemistry were 71.6, 1.2, 18 and 20 for moisture, ash, protein and lipid respectively. Regarding the characterization of saturated fatty acids, were predominant palmitic, stearic and myristic acids and due to unsaturated fatty acid, oleic obtained the highest percentage. The acidity and iodine, water content, kinematic viscosity, specific gravity of the extracted oil from fish viscera are respectively 1.47 mg KOH / g, 136 g I 2 / 100g; 1813mg/Kg, 32mm2 / s, 919. After the transesterification process in which production of methyl esters was 70% obtained values for the acid and iodine, water content, density and kinematic viscosity of 0.04 mg KOH / g and 0.09 g I 2 / 100g; 216 mg / kg, 4.2 mm2/se 860 respectively, thus presenting such rules in accordance with the specifications of the national agency with the exception of oil ester content, below those established by the ANP, it is justifiable for a crude oil without prior treatment.