Forma de atuação das micro, pequenas e médias empresas de Sergipe no mercado internacional com base no Mercosul, sob a ótica da ecologia populacional e estratégias de cooperação

Abstract

This research sought to understand how micro, small and medium-sized companies in the state of Sergipe surveyed act strategically to act in Mercosur, considering aspects of the environment. Therefore, this work used a multiple case study, of a qualitative nature, of an exploratory-descriptive nature. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, nonparticipant observation and documents. For data analysis, the content analysis technique was used. After analyzing the companies in the case study, it is understood that Mercosur has created some opportunities, however, it still remains unattractive due to the lack of good trade agreements between its States Parties. Regarding competitiveness, it was not possible to detect major threats to small entrepreneurs, even with increased competition, also in a virtual way. It is also possible to notice that there was no formation of cooperative alliances, aiming at greater bargaining power. It is possible to detect that after the beginning of the internationalization the companies had expansion of both capital and production. However, there are still logistical difficulties that become an obstacle to further growth. It is understood that the policies adopted for agreements depend on the political environment in which the countries find themselves, and may be facilitated or create several obstacles for the negotiations. Despite this, it is possible to notice that there was a reduction in some barriers, especially for sanitary and fiscal, with the standardization of certifications and technical norms. Thus, it can be seen that Mercosur is still in an incipient state, not resulting in great relevance for MSMEs in the state of Sergipe. In short, the state's logistics issue becomes an important obstacle for companies to seek to enter the international market, however, the main problem is the lack of good commercial agreements for the segment in which the companies are, signed between the States Parties or even bilateral agreements between members.