A fidelidade como medida de transporte de informação quântica em sistemas de cadeias de spins

Abstract

The course conclusion work (TCC) addressed the fidelity of quantum information in systems based on spin chains. The study explored the fidelity as a measure of quantum information transport in specific scenarios, considering the influence of noise, the lattice of atoms and the Hamiltonian matrix. The methodology included critical analysis of the literature in the study area, adaptation of concepts and techniques, simulations, calculations and computational experiments. In the beginning, the concept of a Turing machine and the transition to quantum computing were introduced due to the physical limit on the size of bits. Soon after, quantum information, quantum noise and quantum channels were discussed. Therefore, fidelity was approached as a measure of precision in the manipulation and preservation of quantum states. The lattice of atoms was introduced as a controlled environment for fidelity research. The Hamiltonian matrix, which plays a crucial role in modeling quantum systems, has been linked to fidelity. The limitations of the methodology were discussed, and precautions to minimize errors were presented. The results showed variations in the fidelity function as a function of noise and spin chain size. TCC contributes to the advancement of knowledge in quantum computing, specifically in understanding the fidelity of quantum information in spin chain systems.