Identidade racial negra na escola : análise de autodeclarações de cor de estudantes do ensino médio do Colégio Estadual Marcolino Cruz Santos (2025)

Abstract

This study analyzes the self-declarations of color by high school students at the Colégio Estadual Marcolino Cruz Santos, located in the Municipality of Macambira, Sergipe. The research focuses on two distinct moments. The first is the annual school enrollment process, usually conducted by parents or guardians, during which the school official asks about the student’s color, among other information. At the beginning of the 2025 school year and within the scope of this research, a questionnaire was administered to the students addressing various socioeconomic topics, including their self-declaration of color. This work investigates how the perceptions of parents and guardians regarding racial issues influence the “self-declarations” of color recorded in school files, comparing them with declarations made by the students themselves in the questionnaires. Given the complexity of the subject, it was necessary to address concepts such as the black myth, racial identity, and racial literacy, as well as to explore the difficulties and discomforts associated with these self-declarations. The methodology involved bibliographic research, document analysis, and the application of questionnaires in high school classes. The results reveal a significant discrepancy between the declarations made by guardians and those made by students, highlighting the urgent need for educational policies that promote racial awareness and positively strengthen racial identity within the school environment, especially among Black students.