Concretização do direito à saúde em Aracaju-SE: uma análise sob a perspectiva da primeira infância

Abstract

The right to childhood health is a fundamental principle of the Democratic Rule of Law, enshrined in the 1988 Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (CRFB/88), and in national and international commitments undertaken by Brazil. This dissertation, entitled "Realization of the right to health in Aracaju-SE: an analysis from the perspective of Early Childhood," evaluates the adherence of local regulations, plans, and actions to the Legal Framework for Early Childhood and the National Integrated Policy for Early Childhood (PNIPI). It analyzes the Municipal Plan for Early Childhood (PMPI/AJU) in light of these regulations and the practices of intersectorality, governance, and public transparency. It is justified by the need to investigate the obstacles between the robust normative framework and its concrete implementation in municipal practices, especially regarding equitable and continuous access to specialized care for children. The central question guiding the research is: does the municipality of Aracaju-SE fulfill the right to childhood health through specific public policies for early childhood? The overall objective is to analyze the realization of the right to health from the perspective of early childhood; the specific objectives are: to analyze the constitutional, infraconstitutional, and international foundations that underpin the right to children's health; to verify the adherence of municipal regulations to the recommendations of the Legal Framework for Early Childhood combined with the National Integrated Policy for Early Childhood (PNIPI); and to verify the pathways to the realization of the right to health in early childhood. Even with the advances of the National Policy for Comprehensive Child Health Care (PNAISC), the Legal Framework for Early Childhood, the PNIPI, and the PMPI/AJU itself, we have challenges to overcome. It is concluded that the effective guarantee of the right to children's health in Aracaju requires priority in planning and budget allocation for the implementation, control, and monitoring of specific public policies for early childhood at the local level.