Lâminas de irrigação e densidade de plantio na produção da cebola nos tabuleiros costeiros de Sergipe

Abstract

The onion (Allium cepa L.) is a third most important vegetable, economically, in Brazilian horticulture. The use of irrigation, combined with the adequate spacing between plants, may be promoted the total and commercial performance of the bulbs, which are essential for the economic success of the olericultural activity. Thus, through this study, the objective is to evaluate the effect of drip irrigation depths combined with population density, under onion development and production, to define the amount of water and the spacing between plants that improve and improve performance. and quality of onion bulbs. The controls were discarded in randomized blocks and the irrigation factor arranged in bands, was used twenty times with four repetitions. The procedures consisted of a combination of five irrigation depths, corresponding to 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and four spaces between plants, corresponding to 0.08, 0.10, 0.12 and 0.14 m. The evaluated characteristics were: total bulb quantities, quantities of commercial bulbs, medium marketable bulb, water use efficiency for total bulb quantities, water use efficiency for commercial bulb, pH determination, soluble solution, titratable acidity, flexible / titratable acidity ratio and bulb shape ratio. A water replacement filter estimated at 114% of ETc promotes the highest productivities of total and commercial bulbs, 55.03 and 54.41 t ha-1 , respectively. The 114% ETc replacement water depth promoted the highest total and commercial productivity of onion bulbs, 55.03 and 54.41 t ha-1 , respectively. The spacing of 0.08 m between plants provided a greater total amount of onion bulbs (56.00 t ha-1 ) and greater commercial productivity of onion bulbs (52.46 t ha-1 ), however, the greater spacing between the plants studied (0.14 m) resulted in onion bulbs with greater average mass (70.30 g of bulb-1 ). The highest content of soluble solids (9.86 ºBrix) was found in the lowest selected (50% ETc).