Entre a norma e a realidade : desafios à justiça socioambiental em Aracaju

Abstract

The modern environmental crisis, the result of man's accelerated intervention in nature, was characterized, among other aspects, by the growth of cities. In this context, based on an investigation about the municipality of Aracaju, in the State of Sergipe, and its interaction with environmental and social issues, such as the city's growth policy, the provision of services and the distribution of risks and benefits in socio-environmental matters, the study analyzed the legislation on urban policy applicable to the municipality of Aracaju / SE and its potential to promote socio-environmental justice, and set as specific objectives: to discuss the concepts and relationships between environmental ethics, cities and socio-environmental justice; describe how national and international urban policy standards applicable to Aracaju correlate; analyze, from the applicable normative set, the challenges for the promotion of socio-environmental justice in the municipality. The research was carried out under the hypothetical-deductive method, based on the following hypothesis: the rules and guidelines on urban and environmental issues applicable to Aracaju are not responsible for the socio-environmental injustice existing in the municipality, and the responsibility must be attributed to the misapplication or the non-use of existing and existing normative instruments. Bibliographic research was carried out by consulting normative texts, articles, theses, dissertations and data from official bodies on the urban issue. In the first chapter, issues related to the theoretical foundation were discussed, with axes on environmental ethics, socio-environmental justice and urban issues. In the second chapter, national and international rules and guidelines on urban policy were described and analyzed, based on the New Urban Agenda, the Sustainable Development Goals, the Federal Constitution, the City Statute and the Aracaju Master Plan. In the third chapter, the challenges and possibilities for promoting socio-environmental justice in Aracaju were analyzed, through the historical characterization of urban space and current discussions. In the last chapter, regarding the final considerations, a synthesis of the main discussions was carried out, with a proposal for intervention and suggestions for ways to reverse the current state of affairs. The initial hypothesis was partially refuted, since it was demonstrated that the normative framework, with its inaccuracies, inconsistencies and permissiveness, also contributes so that public practices in city management are guided in the sense of not prioritizing socio-environmental justice as a growth paradigm and ordering of space.