Efetividade das vacinas contra rotavírus contra infecções, hospitalizações e diarreia grave

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under five years old and the most important cause is infection by rotavirus. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines regarding infection, hospitalizations and severe diarrhea associated with rotavirus in children in Latin America after the introduction of vaccines. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies in Latin America between January 2006 and September 2014. Results: We identified 4890 publications and after the process of exclusion for eligibility criteria, 20 articles were included in the meta-analysis of effectiveness against infection and 9 articles were included in the study of the effectiveness of vaccines hospitalizations and severe diarrhea. The effectiveness of the vaccine was 53% (95% CI 46-60) against rotavirus infection, 73% (95% CI, 66-78) against hospitalizations and 74% (95% CI, 68.0-78.0) against severe diarrhea. There was no significant difference between the two vaccines. Conclusions: Rotavirus vaccines are effective in preventing rotavirus infection, severe diarrhea and hospitalizations associated with rotavirus in children from Latin America and its protection is similar.