Uma grounded theory: análise da cobertura jornalística da escola pública sergipana nas emissoras TV Atalaia e TV Sergipe (2019-2022)

Abstract

This dissertation seeks to understand how the image of public schools in Sergipe is constructed in the media. The analysis was based on news coverage between 2019 and 2022 on TV Atalaia and TV Sergipe. The methodology used was Grounded Theory. In Brazil, this method is also called data-based theory and grounded theory. GT has a research process flow that organizes a set of procedures that support its operationalization. With GT, the researcher collects the data, analyzes it and builds the theory. The research also investigates how this coverage takes place and what is the view of the professionals who produce the stories about public schools. The methodological approach to this work also involves bibliographical research, interviews and analysis of TV news programs. The data was systematized using Nvivo and Iramuteq software. According to the results, both broadcasters covered the news by associating the violence inherent in public schools. Another finding is that the COVID-19 pandemic has protected schools from this violent and continuous coverage. During this period there was a hiatus in violence-related stories about public schools, thus increasing the number of positive stories about them. The results of the analysis also show that TV Atalaia provided more coverage of violence and demands for improvements from the school community. TV Sergipe, on the other hand, gave more space to pedagogical projects developed in schools, as well as students' achievements, such as passing the Enem exam. However, TV Sergipe didn't rule out violence in public schools, and in the stories it analyzed about demands for infrastructure improvements, it cited violence data. We also detected who speaks for and to public schools on TV stations: the education departments, the third sector and even the police.