Análise comparativa da religiosidade e espiritualidade entre os pacientes dos ambulatórios de cardiologia do SUS e Sistema de Saúde Suplementar

Abstract

Background: The study of religiosity and spirituality in association with cardiovascular health has shown to be very promising, mainly due to the benefits regarding risk factors. Despite this, there is still a low number of researches in the area, which reinforces the importance of its discussion. Objective: to analyze whether there is a difference in levels of religiosity and spirituality among patients in cardiology outpatient clinics of the public network and the supplementary health network Methods: this is an observational, cross-sectional analytical study. R/E levels were determined from two scales: Duke Religiosity Index (DUREL) and Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiosity and Spirituality (BMMRS). The research groups were compared for sociodemographic and clinical variables using the chi-square test Pearson's or Fisher's Exact for categorical variables. Quantitative variables were compared using Student's T test for independent samples, when the variables had normal distribution, or using the Mann-Whitney U test, when the assumption of normality was not met. The significance level for the analyzes was fixed at 5% (p ≤ 0.05). All analyzes were conducted using the SPSS Statistics software (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA), version 22.0. Results: The study included 237 patients, of which 132 (55.7%) were female. The average age of the sample was 60.8 ± 10.7 years. SAH, dyslipidemia and sedentary lifestyle were especially prevalent in this sample. The research groups were then compared for items on the DUREL and BMMRS scales. There were no differences between groups for items on the DUREL scale (p>0.05). Domain 7 of the BMMRS scale (Religious/Spiritual History) had a higher average among patients in the public health network (p=0.020), which suggests that this group had more religious and spiritual experiences during their lives. The general sample did not show differences in R/S levels between patients assisted in the public or supplementary health network for most of the domains of the scales used. Conclusion: There was no difference in levels of religiosity and spirituality between the public network and supplementary network groups, with the exception of domain 7 of the BMMRS scale, which showed a significant difference, with the public network group having the highest average in this domain.