Ordenamento territorial do sistema de esgotamento sanitário e a questão socioambiental no bairro São Cristóvão, Itabaiana/SE

Abstract

The research is situated within the field of geographical studies in order to understand the organizational dynamics of the locality, considering several aspects, including economic, spatial, social, political, and ecological factors, as well as the territorial implications that these systems may have on the health and environment of the neighborhood community. The study seeks to understand the configuration of the sanitary sewage system, the effects that this system produces on socio-spatial division, and the possible environmental and health damages to the population. This study aims to analyze the Territorial Planning of the Sanitary Sewage System and the socio-environmental aspects in the São Cristóvão neighborhood of Itabaiana/SE. The relevance of this study is justified by the need for research on territorial planning at the local scale of sanitary sewage systems, contributing to the advancement of academic discussions and to the improvement of practices related to this topic. From a methodological perspective, this is a qualitative research study with an approach in the field of social investigations and an exploratory-descriptive character. The methodological procedures involved data collection and analysis, literature review, documentary analysis, application of questionnaires, field visits, and the use of observation techniques. Data collection was carried out through consultation of official websites, visits to the municipal infrastructure and health departments, as well as to the neighborhood health unit, and direct contact with the local population. The information obtained was later analyzed through the construction of maps and graphs. The research results indicate that there are different types of domestic wastewater dispersion systems, where more valued areas have better sanitary infrastructure compared to less valued areas within the same neighborhood. It was also observed that the population has limited knowledge regarding sanitation services, which results in environmental impacts and health issues for the community and its surroundings due to deficiencies in service provision. Therefore, it is concluded that public policies must be implemented to address basic sanitation problems. The study contributes to expanding the understanding of sanitary sewage systems and their implications, providing support for other researchers interested in the subject. It is expected that the results may assist in the formulation of new approaches and encourage further research related to the topic.